Yes, and no.
Assuming that your income is below median, you can get a discharge in a chapter 7 every 8 years. However, this doesn’t help a client who gets a discharge of $240,000 of medical debts today and then racks up a $40,000 emergency room bill six months down the road. That new $40,000 er bill wasn’t covered in the chapter 7, and they cannot list in in a new chapter 7 for 7.5 years.
However, chapter 13s are designed to handle this.
If you have ongoing health issues, then you will want to file a “base plan” chapter 13, meaning that you’re proposing to pay the chapter 13 trustee payments of about $100 a month for 3 -5 years. This still discharges all of your unsecured, nonpriority debt (like medical bills), even though you end up paying pennies on the dollar. If you have a new medical bill in the middle of this chapter 13, you can simply stop paying and the case will be dismissed. Then you can file a new 13 and include the new bill and start the $100 a month payments all over again.
Theoretically, you could file a 5 year chapter 13 plan every 5 years for the rest of your life. You would be protected from collectors and would be paying pennies on the dollar for the medical bills related to your health issues.
I know that it doesn’t sound like fun at all, but you can use a chapter 13 to cover those medical bills and to be ready for any new ones that crop up.